According to Jung’s theory of psychological types, it is our birthright to differentiate, in the course of individuation, four function-attitudes that together define the wholeness of our mature standpoint.  But Jung has postulated a possible eight functions of consciousness. What about the four functions that remain in shadow? How do they operate, and what is their role in our development as human beings? In this lecture, illustrated with clips from popular films, Dr. John Beebe will help us identify the different archetypal characteristics of our shadow functions and will show how they go about their work of challenging, undermining, and defending the ego.

Related Workshop: Integrating the Shadow Functions

John Beebe, M.D., a past president of the C. G. Jung Institute of San Francisco, is a psychiatrist who specializes in psychotherapy.  He is the author of Integrity in Depth and Energies and Patterns in Psychological Type: The Reservoir of Consciousness. He is co-author, with Virginia Apperson, of The Presence of the Feminine in Film, and co-editor, with Ernst Falzeder, of The Question of Psychological Types.  A Distinguished Life Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, he has written about psychological types for numerous books and journals. Beebe’s eight-function, eight-archetype model of type is widely studied and applied in the field.  In addition, he has spearheaded a Jungian typological approach to the analysis of film.